Armenia's Education System Faces Structural Reform Challenges

Armenia has introduced education reforms in recent years, including new academic standards and increased school infrastructure funding, but experts say the changes lack meaningful structural transformation. Education specialist David Amiryan identifies three persistent problems absent from political discussion: educational poverty and unequal access for vulnerable groups; the absence of independent quality evaluation mechanisms; and a growing teacher shortage, particularly in physics, chemistry, biology and mathematics.

Amiryan also highlights "invisible children"—students formally enrolled but disconnected from learning—and argues Armenia's approach to inclusive education remains limited. Meanwhile, experts say similar structural deficiencies plague Armenia's science and technology sectors. Despite increased funding for research and researcher salaries, the country lacks a unified scientific policy connecting investments to practical economic needs.